Clinical reasoning in osteopathy : an investigation of diagnostic hypothesis generation for patients with acute low back pain
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Authors
Roots, Simon Ashley
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Degree
Master of Osteopathy
Grantor
Unitec Institute of Technology
Date
2014
Supervisors
Moran, Robert
Niven, Elizabeth
Niven, Elizabeth
Type
Masters Thesis
Ngā Upoko Tukutuku (Māori subject headings)
Keyword
acute low back pain
clinical reasoning
diagnosis
osteopathic medicine
video analysis
clinical reasoning
diagnosis
osteopathic medicine
video analysis
ANZSRC Field of Research Code (2020)
Citation
Roots, S. A. (2014) Clinical reasoning in osteopathy : an investigation of diagnostic hypothesis generation for patients with acute low back pain. An unpublished thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Osteopathy, Unitec Institute of Technology.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
The clinical reasoning strategies employed in healthcare have been well established in a wide range of health professions. Currently, there is little literature pertaining to the diagnostic process of osteopaths and the clinical reasoning strategies utilised in osteopathy.
AIM:To investigate the processes of clinical reasoning utilised by osteopaths in the diagnostic hypothesis generation for patients with acute low back pain.
METHODS: Two methods were employed: a thematic analysis in conjunction with content analysis which involved a novel ‘consultation mapping’ approach. Three osteopaths were video recorded taking a case history and performing examination procedures. Following conclusion of each consultation, participants viewed a video recording of the consultation, and provided a commentary which was audio recorded. All audio and video recordings were later transcribed for analysis.
RESULTS: Three themes were identified from the data which broadly represented three existing clinical reasoning strategies: Implicit cognitive evaluations not apparent to an external observer (pattern recognition); Iterative processing of cues assembled through clinical interactions (hypothetico-deductive reasoning); Collaborative interaction between patient and practitioner (collaborative reasoning). Each consultation was then ‘mapped’, and content analysis showed dynamic transitioning between three levels of pattern recognition (‘light’, ‘moderate’, ‘heavy’) of hypothetico-deductive reasoning. Collaborative reasoning occurred consistently at the commencement and conclusion of each consultation.
CONCLUSIONS:The clinical reasoning strategies employed by osteopaths in this study were pattern recognition, hypothetico-deductive reasoning and collaborative reasoning. Each strategy was characterised by a theme which described its meaning.
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