Bone health : a focus on jump-landings for women
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Authors
Clissold, Tracey
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2023
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Keyword
Bone health
Osteoporosis
Premenopause
Jump landings
Osteoporosis
Premenopause
Jump landings
ANZSRC Field of Research Code (2020)
Citation
Clissold, T.L. (2023, November 28-29). Bone health: A focus on jump-landings for women [Conference presentation]. 2023 Sport and Exercise Science New Zealand Annual Conference, Victoria University, Wellington, New Zealand. https://sesnz.org.nz/conference/
Abstract
The primary purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a 12-month quantified jump-landing program at clinically relevant bone sites in premenopausal women. Secondary measures of interest included; lower body explosive power, muscle reactivity, balance performance parameters and body composition. Methods. A longitudinal controlled trial was implemented to determine the effect of utilizing previously quantified jumps and hops with specific cues provided for jump-landings. Participants; Fifty-seven women (age, 42.4 ± 5.50 y; body mass, 70.2 ± 11.5 kg; height, 165.4 ± 0.10 cm; body fat, 31.5 ± 6.20%) were assigned to a jump (JL) or control (CON) group. The JL performed periodized jumping-landing exercises up to five times per week for 12-months. Results. Significant group main effects (P<0.01) in favour of the JL (↑0.41 - ↑3.72%) were observed for bone mineral density and bone mineral content at the femoral neck, total hip and lumbar spine. Significant group main effects (P<0.01) for cross-sectional area, cortical thickness and section modulus at the femoral narrow neck were also in favour of the JL (↑2.78 - ↑3.84%). For ground contact time, improvements in the JL over the CON between baseline and 12-months were apparent (↑21.9% vs. ↓8.86%) with significant group and time effects (P<0.01) being observed. Conclusions. A longitudinal quantified periodized jumplanding program performed 2-3 mins/day; 4-5 times a week is osteogenically effective in improving bone strength at clinically relevant lower body sites associated with osteoporosis in premenopausal women. The practical significance of these findings is that relatively safe exercises such as those utilized in our osteogenic exercise program, achieve prerequisite osteogenic thresholds and as such can be used by premenopausal women in their own homes (once competent with the jump-landing technique) to improve bone health, providing a firm surface is utilized. The findings from this research will inform the development of preventative interventions for premenopausal women and represent a “window of opportunity” to prevent or delay the time before the fracture threshold is surpassed in the postmenopausal years, during a period of lowered fracture risk.
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