The impact of 48 h high carbohydrate diets with high and low FODMAP content on gastrointestinal status and symptoms in response to endurance exercise, and subsequent endurance performance.
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Authors
Scrivin, Rachel
Slater, Gary
Mika, Alice
Rauch, Christopher
Young, Pascale
Martinez, Isabel
Costa, Ricardo J S
Slater, Gary
Mika, Alice
Rauch, Christopher
Young, Pascale
Martinez, Isabel
Costa, Ricardo J S
Author ORCID Profiles (clickable)
Degree
Grantor
Date
2024-06-01
Supervisors
Type
Journal Article
Ngā Upoko Tukutuku (Māori subject headings)
Keyword
High Carbohydrate diet
CRP
Epithelial integrity
Endurance exercise
Athletes
Sports performance
Exercise-induced gastrointestinal syndrome
CRP
Epithelial integrity
Endurance exercise
Athletes
Sports performance
Exercise-induced gastrointestinal syndrome
ANZSRC Field of Research Code (2020)
Citation
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, e-First https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2023-0508
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of a high carbohydrate diet, with varied fermentable oligo-, di-, and mono-saccharide and polyol (FODMAP) content, before endurance exercise on gastrointestinal integrity, motility, and symptoms; and subsequent exercise performance. Twelve endurance athletes were provided with a 48 h high carbohydrate (mean ± SD: 12.1 ± 1.8 g kg day−1) diet on two separate occasions, composed of high (54.8 ± 10.5 g day−1) and low FODMAP (3.0 ± 0.2 g day−1) content. Thereafter, participants completed a 2 h steady-state running exercise at 60% of VO˙ 2 max (22.9 ± 1.2 ◦C, 46.4 ± 7.9% RH), followed by a 1 h distance performance test. Pre-exercise and every 20 min during steady-state exercise, 100 mL maltodextrin (10% w/v) solution was consumed. A 150 mL lactulose (20 g) solution was consumed 30 min into the distance performance test to determine orocecal transit time (OCTT) during exercise. Blood was collected pre- and post exercise to determine gastrointestinal integrity biomarkers (i.e., I-FABP, sCD14, and CRP). Breath hydrogen (H2) and gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) were determined pre-exercise, every 15 min, during and throughout recovery. No differences in gastrointestinal integrity biomarkers, OCTT, or distance completed were observed between trials. Pre-exercise total-GIS (1.3 ± 2.9 vs. 4.3 ± 4.4), gut discomfort (9.9 ± 8.1 vs. 15.8 ± 9.0), and upper-GIS (2.8 ± 2.6 vs. 5.7 ± 4.8) during exercise were less severe on high carbohydrate low FODMAP (HCLFOD) versus high carbohydrate high FODMAP (HC-HFOD) (p < 0.05). Gut discomfort (3.4 ± 4.4 vs. 0.2 ± 0.6) and total-GIS (4.9 ± 6.8 vs. 0.2 ± 0.6) were higher during recovery on HC-LFOD versus HC-HFOD (p < 0.05). The FODMAP content of a 48 h high carbohydrate diet does not impact gastrointestinal integrity or motility in response to endurance exercise. However, a high FODMAP content exacerbates GIS before and during exercise, but this does not impact performance outcomes.
Publisher
Canadian Science Publishing
Permanent link
Link to ePress publication
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2023-0508
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Copyright notice
CC BY Attribution 4.0 International