Green infrastructural urbanism and climate change = 绿色基础设施城市主义和气候变化

Abstract

[Article has Chinese language version first followed by English translation]

气候变化产生的环境影响：雨水污染加剧、城市洪水、海平面上升和城市热岛效应，已成为全球性问题。绿色基础设施（GI）越来越多地被推广为解决气候变化导致的环境恶化的“灵丹妙药”，尤其是在城市地区。 城市本质上为高密度且不透水的空间，仅有少量的绿地来吸收预计增加的降雨量。位于沿海地区的城市容易受 到海平面上升的影响，同时，大量的硬质表面会使空气温度的上升加剧。研究认为：可以利用绿色基础设施来 改变当前的城市形态以构建应对环境影响的生态韧性。为了实现这一概念，必须将城市视为区域景观的一部分。 采用一种基于流域的方法来探索如何用绿色基础设施改善气候变化对环境的影响，并使用推测性案例研究来证 明这种方法，表明重新设计的城市形态可以优先安排绿色基础设施，而不会影响建筑项目和房地产投资回报。虽然该研究位于新西兰，但基于流域的方法也适用于中国的城市

The environmental impact of climate change (CC), an increase in stormwater contamination, urban flooding, sea level rise and the urban heat island effect, have become a global issue. Green infrastructure (GI) is increasingly being promoted as a panacea to the environmental deprecation of climate change especially in the urban realm. Cities by their very nature, are very dense and impermeable places with little green space to absorb the expected increase in rainfall, are often located on the littoral and are therefore vulnerable to sea level rise, and the many hard surfaces will acerbate an increase in air temperature. We argue that green infrastructure can be used as a way to build resilience to these effects by changing the current urban form. To achieve this conceptual shift, the city must be seen as being part of a larger landscape. This paper presents a catchment based methodology to explore how a GI can help ameliorate the environmental effects of climate change. The authors use a speculative case study to demonstrate this method, and show that a reconfigured urban form can prioritise climate change mitigation strategies, without compromising the building programme and real estate return. While the study is located in New Zealand, we believe that the catchment-based approach is applicable to cities in China.