The impact of enrichment on the behaviour of kea (Nestor notabilis) at Auckland Zoo

Abstract

Kea (Nestor notabilis) have evolved in the challenging alpine environment of the South Island of New Zealand (Young et al., 2012). They are a generalist species, lending to an ability to adapt to changing conditions in a harsh environment (Martini et al., 2021). Like other parrots, they are social. Adaptability and sociality have been linked to intelligence, with kea known for being particularly inquisitive and excellent problem solvers (Goodman et al., 2018). While this serves them well in the wild, the captive environment presents fewer challenges, which can result in boredom and welfare issues (Skibiel et al., 2007). Enrichment can be applied to increase the complexity of and add challenge to the captive environment (Vinhas & Oliva, 2016).