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dc.contributor.authorBenitez, G.
dc.contributor.authorAguilar, Glenn
dc.contributor.authorBlanchon, Dan
dc.date.accessioned2021-09-22T23:56:06Z
dc.date.available2021-09-22T23:56:06Z
dc.date.issued2021-04-16
dc.identifier.issn1424-2818
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10652/5408
dc.description.abstractThe spatial distribution of corticolous lichens on the iconic New Zealand pohutukawa (Metrosideros excelsa) tree was investigated from a survey of urban parks and forests across the city of Auckland in the North Island of New Zealand. Lichens were identified from ten randomly selected trees at 20 sampling sites, with 10 sites classified as coastal and another 10 as inland sites. Lichen data were correlated with distance from sea, distance from major roads, distance from native forests, mean tree DBH (diameter at breast height) and the seven-year average of measured NO2 over the area. A total of 33 lichen species were found with coastal sites harboring significantly higher average lichen species per tree as well as higher site species richness. We found mild hotspots in two sites for average lichen species per tree and another two separate sites for species richness, with all hotspots at the coast. A positive correlation between lichen species richness and DBH was found. Sites in coastal locations were more similar to each other in terms of lichen community composition than they were to adjacent inland sites and some species were only found at coastal sites. The average number of lichen species per tree was negatively correlated with distance from the coast, suggesting that the characteristic lichen flora found on pohutukawa may be reliant on coastal microclimates. There were no correlations with distance from major roads, and a slight positive correlation between NO2 levels and average lichen species per tree.en_NZ
dc.language.isoenen_NZ
dc.publisherMDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute)en_NZ
dc.relation.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/13/4/170en_NZ
dc.rights© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecoen_NZ
dc.subjectAuckland (N.Z.)en_NZ
dc.subjectNew Zealanden_NZ
dc.subjectMetrosideros excelsa (Pōhutukawa)en_NZ
dc.subjectlichensen_NZ
dc.subjecthotspotsen_NZ
dc.subjectindicatorsen_NZ
dc.titleSpatial distribution of lichens in Metrosideros excelsa in northern New Zealand urban forestsen_NZ
dc.typeJournal Articleen_NZ
dc.date.updated2021-08-28T14:30:22Z
dc.rights.holderAuthorsen_NZ
dc.identifier.doidoi:https://doi.org/10.3390/d13040170en_NZ
dc.subject.marsden050103 Invasive Species Ecologyen_NZ
dc.identifier.bibliographicCitationBenitez, G., Aguilar, G., & Blanchon, D. (2021). Spatial Distribution of Lichens in Metrosideros excelsa in Northern New Zealand Urban Forests. Diversity, 13(4), 1-15. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/d13040170en_NZ
unitec.publication.spage1en_NZ
unitec.publication.lpage15en_NZ
unitec.publication.volume13en_NZ
unitec.publication.issue4en_NZ
unitec.publication.titleDiversityen_NZ
unitec.peerreviewedyesen_NZ
dc.contributor.affiliationUnitec Institute of Technologyen_NZ
dc.contributor.affiliationAna G. Méndez Universityen_NZ
unitec.identifier.roms66043en_NZ
unitec.identifier.roms65734
unitec.publication.placeBasel, Switzerlanden_NZ
unitec.institution.studyareaNatural Sciencesen_NZ


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