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    Concordant geographic and genetic structure revealed by genotyping-by-sequencing in a New Zealand marine isopod

    Pearman, W. S.; Wells, Sarah; Silander, O. K.; Freed, N. E.; Dale, J.

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    Date
    2020-08-26
    Citation:
    Pearman, W. S., Wells, S. J., Silander, O. K., Freed, N. E., & Dale, J. (2020). Concordant geographic and genetic structure revealed by genotyping-by-sequencing in a New Zealand marine isopod. Ecology and Evolution, Open access, 1-16. doi:10.1002/ece3.6802
    Permanent link to Research Bank record:
    https://hdl.handle.net/10652/5081
    Abstract
    Population genetic structure in the marine environment can be influenced by lifehistory traits such as developmental mode (biphasic, with distinct adult and larval morphology, and direct development, in which larvae resemble adults) or habitat specificity, as well as geography and selection. Developmental mode is thought to significantly influence dispersal, with direct developers expected to have much lower dispersal potential. However, this prediction can be complicated by the presence of geophysical barriers to dispersal. In this study, we use a panel of 8,020 SNPs to investigate population structure and biogeography over multiple spatial scales for a direct- developing species, the New Zealand endemic marine isopod Isocladus armatus. Because our sampling range is intersected by two well-known biogeographic barriers (the East Cape and the Cook Strait), our study provides an opportunity to understand how such barriers influence dispersal in direct developers. On a small spatial scale (20 km), gene flow between locations is extremely high, suggestive of an island model of migration. However, over larger spatial scales (600 km), populations exhibit a clear pattern of isolation-by-distance. Our results indicate that I. armatus exhibits significant migration across the hypothesized barriers and suggest that large-scale ocean currents associated with these locations do not present a barrier to dispersal. Interestingly, we find evidence of a north-south population genetic break occurring between Māhia and Wellington. While no known geophysical barrier is apparent in this area, it coincides with the location of a proposed border between bioregions. Analysis of loci under selection revealed that both isolation-by-distance and adaption may be contributing to the degree of population structure we have observed here. We conclude that developmental life history largely predicts dispersal in the intertidal isopod I. armatus. However, localized biogeographic processes can disrupt this expectation, and this may explain the potential meta-population detected in the Auckland region.
    Keywords:
    New Zealand, Isocladus armatus, marine isopoda, genomics, evolution, genotyping by sequencing (GBS), isolation-by-adaptation, isolation-by-distance, population genomics, isopods, RADseq
    ANZSRC Field of Research:
    060411 Population, Ecological and Evolutionary Genetics
    Copyright Holder:
    © 2020 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

    Copyright Notice:
    This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium,provided the original work is properly cited.
    ORCID Author Profiles
    • https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7265-8499
    Rights:
    This digital work is protected by copyright. It may be consulted by you, provided you comply with the provisions of the Act and the following conditions of use. These documents or images may be used for research or private study purposes. Whether they can be used for any other purpose depends upon the Copyright Notice above. You will recognise the author's and publishers rights and give due acknowledgement where appropriate.
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    • Natural Sciences Journal Articles [148]

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