The interplay of market forces and government action in the achievement of urban sustainability: The case of Auckland, New Zealand

Abstract

This is a case study of urban intensification in the central business district (CBD) of Auckland. The city is the commercial centre of New Zealand with a population of 1.3m. It is a sprawling city with low population density and a high dependency on private motor vehicles for transport. Auckland has recognised the need to contain urban growth within its existing urban perimeter and achieve greater intensification. Progress has been made in this regard within the CBD where significant growth in inner city residents is evident. This has been achieved through private developers reacting to market demand rather than through public sector initiatives. The availability of finance for development and investment is seen as a key enabling element. Tax advantages for investment in property and planning bonuses for residential development are also significant elements in the complex mix of matters that has enabled this urban intensification. However the quality of development is marginal. Services for the expanded inner city population have developed in line with growth.